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Based on the purpose of null hypothesis testing, explain how this formal framework helps the researcher evaluate the survey data. What two interpretations must they decide between before making a broad claim?
Case context: A researcher conducts a study on 50 participants and finds a positive correlation between hours spent reading and scores on a vocabulary test. The researcher considers claiming that this relationship holds true for the entire country.
Question: Based on the purpose of null hypothesis testing, explain how this formal framework helps the researcher evaluate the survey data. What two interpretations must they decide between before making a broad claim?
Sample answer: The framework of null hypothesis testing helps the researcher decide whether the positive correlation found in their 50 participants accurately reflects a genuine relationship in the broader population, or if it is simply the misleading result of random sampling error.
Key points:
- Provides a formal framework to make a decision about sample data.
- Evaluates if the relationship is genuine in the broader population.
- Evaluates if the observed relationship is simply due to random sampling error.
Rubric: Full credit is given if the student explains that the framework helps the researcher formally decide between a genuine population relationship and random sampling error.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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