A disaccharide is where 2 monosaccharide molecules chemically bond through a covalent connection which is also known as a glycosidic bond.

 Disaccharides

This is a type of carbohydrate  chain that consists of 3-10 monosaccharides. 

Oligosaccharides

Monosaccharides, or simple sugars, are the simplest carbohydrates and serve as the building blocks for complex carbohydrates. They are classified by the number of carbon atoms in the molecule using a prefix for the carbon count and the suffix -ose, such as three-carbon trioses (e.g., glyceraldehyde), five-carbon pentoses (e.g., ribose), and six-carbon hexoses (e.g., glucose).

Monosaccharides

Polysaccharides, which are also referred to as glycans, are large carbohydrate polymers consisting of hundreds of joined monosaccharide monomers. These macromolecules are linked together by glycosidic bonds, are generally not soluble in water, and do not taste sweet, distinguishing them from smaller monosaccharides and disaccharides.

Polysaccharides (glycans)

Carbohydrates can be categorized into four pertinent groups:
- monosaccharides
- disaccharides
- oligosaccharides
- polysaccharides

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Carbohydrates are macromolecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio C:2H:0.  

Carbohydrates

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

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- Once you break down these amino acids, you get a group of metabolites that are formed
- 7 Carbon skeleton metabolites: pyruvate, acetyl CoA, acetoacetyl CoA, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinyl CoA, Fumarate, Oxaloacetate
- Anabolic precursors
- Energy production
> Glucose

> Acetyl CoA

> TCA Cycle intermediates

- Liver likes to break down carbon skeletons
> We can use catabolism to yield energy

> Can be used as Anabolic precursors 

> Available for ketone body generation or made into glucose

> Some are ketogenic, glucogenic, or both (ketone bodies or glucose)


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