Examples of informal viral classification based on genome and envelope characteristics include:

- Herpesviruses: classified as enveloped double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses.
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): classified as an enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) virus.
- Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV): classified as a naked positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) virus.

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In addition to formal taxonomic systems, viruses are often informally categorized based on shared biological and physical characteristics. Common grouping criteria include host and tissue specificity, capsid shape, presence of unique genes or enzymes, and genome traits such as being naked or enveloped, single-stranded (ss) or double-stranded (ds) DNA or RNA, segmented or nonsegmented, and positive-strand (+) or negative-strand (-) RNA.

Informal Virus Classification

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

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