Imposed isolation to prevent disease transmission

University of Notre Dame

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Features of disease transmission include:
- Reservoirs
- Carriers
- Hosts
- Quarantine
- Nosocomial Infections

Features of Disease Transmission

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A living host or nonliving site in which pathogens can survive and reproduce. May or may not be capable of transmitting the pathogen. Pathogens can lay dormant (survive but not reproduce) in reservoirs. Pathogens can also have more than one living reservoir, and different types of reservoirs may transmit to another reservoir (i.e. animals to humans).

Reservoir

A reservoir (i.e. a human) capable of pathogen transmission without itself displaying symptoms

Carrier

An organism inhabited by another organism, i.e. a disease-causing agent

Host

Quarantine

Also known as healthcare-associated infections (HAI), are infections that occurs in healthcare settings. Sick patients can bring harmful pathogens into hospitals, and some of these pathogens can be transmitted easily via improperly sterilized medical equipment, door handles, or by clinicians who do not wash their hands between patients. Hospital patients often have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections. Infections are classified as HAI when the patient was admitted for another reason (primary disease) than the infection, and then, often, contracts the secondary infection after having compromised immunity (such as due to surgery).

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