Perpendicular Lines

A business analyst is modeling a company's fixed monthly internet cost of 95 dollars. If the monthly cost is represented by $y$ and the amount of data used is represented by $x$, which equation represents the horizontal line that models this constant expense?

True or False: In the graph of a horizontal line defined by the equation $y = b$, the $y$-coordinate remains constant and is completely independent of the $x$-coordinate.

A civil engineer is designing a level section of a highway. In a coordinate system where $y$ represents elevation and $x$ represents horizontal distance, the elevation remains constant, forming a horizontal line. Match each property of this horizontal line to its mathematical description.

A logistics manager is creating a monitoring chart to track a 'safety stock' level—a minimum inventory amount that must remain constant over time. This fixed level is represented on a graph by a horizontal line. Arrange the following steps in the correct order to construct a table of values for this horizontal line, represented by the equation $y = b$.

Interpreting the Vertical Intercept of a Fixed-Cost Graph

An IT director is constructing a table of values to graph the fixed daily cost of a corporate cloud storage plan. Because this cost is a constant value $b$ regardless of the number of active users ($x$), it will be graphed as a perfectly flat, horizontal line. According to the rules for graphing a horizontal line, arbitrary numbers can be chosen for the $x$-coordinates, but the constant value $b$ must be substituted for every ____-coordinate.