Theory

Coase's Theory of the Firm: The Make-or-Buy Decision

According to Ronald Coase, firms exist because it can be more profitable to produce goods and services internally ('make') than to purchase them from external suppliers ('buy'). A firm's decisions on what to make in-house versus what to buy from the market determine the firm's boundaries and, consequently, the extent of the market itself. This fundamental 'make-or-buy' choice is guided by the relative costs of each option.

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Updated 2026-05-02

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