When populations of gut *Bacteroides* are depleted, often due to antibiotic treatment, the large intestine becomes more susceptible to colonization by pathogenic bacteria and fungi, which can lead to secondary infections.

Effect of Antibiotics on Gut *Bacteroides*

Most *Bacteroides* species in the human gut share a mutualistic relationship with their host, obtaining nutrients from the intestinal environment while protecting humans by preventing pathogenic microbes from colonizing the large intestine.

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*Bacteroides* is the largest genus in the CFB group, comprising dozens of species that are abundant inhabitants of the human large intestine, making up approximately $${}30$$% of the gut microbiome, with populations reaching up to $${}100$$ billion cells per gram of feces.

*Bacteroides*

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

Mutualistic Role of Gut *Bacteroides*

While most *Bacteroides* are mutualistic, a few species are pathogenic; for example, *Bacteroides melaninogenicus* can cause wound infections in immunocompromised patients.

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