Ascomycota is a phylum of fungi characterized by septate hyphae and cup-shaped fruiting bodies called ascocarps. They include edible species (mushrooms, morels, and truffles), food spoilage agents (bread molds and plant pathogens), and human pathogens, and reproduce using asexual conidia or sexual ascospores.

Ascomycota

Zygomycota is a phylum of fungi, mostly saprophytic, characterized by coenocytic hyphae and haploid nuclei. They reproduce asexually using sporangiospores and sexually using thick-walled zygospores formed by the fusion of reproductive cells from two individuals.

Zygomycota

Basidiomycota (basidiomycetes) are a phylum of fungi characterized by club-shaped structures called basidia that produce basidiospores within fruiting bodies called basidiocarps. They play important ecological roles as decomposers, serve as food, and include mushrooms, rusts, stinkhorns, and puffballs.

Basidiomycota 

Microsporidia are unicellular fungi that function as obligate intracellular parasites, lacking mitochondria, peroxisomes, and centrioles, and are known to cause microsporidiosis.

Microsporidia

While not all fungi cause illness, medically important species exist in four major fungal groups: Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Microsporidia.

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Fungi is a diverse kingdom that can be broken down into seven phyla:
- Ascomycota
- Basidiomycota
- Blastocladiomycota
- Chytridiomycota
- Glomeromycota
- Microsporidia
- Neocallimastigomycota

Fungal Diversity 

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

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Pathogenic Fungal Groups

Glomeromycota is a phylum of obligate symbiotic fungi that form mycorrhizae with plant roots, serving as an extended root system that assists in nutrient and mineral absorption in exchange for plant carbohydrates.

Glomeromycota

Chytridiomycetes, or chytrids, are small, mostly aquatic fungi that possess flagellated, motile gametes and play an important ecological role, with some species associated with global amphibian declines.

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