Glycosaminoglycans are negatively charged polysaccharides that are composed of a repeating disaccharides subunit.  They are involved in cell hydration, structure, and cell signaling.  Glycosaminoglycans can be categorized by their repeating subunit:

- heparin/heparan sulfate
- chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate
- keratan sulfate
- hyaluronic acid

Glycosaminoglycans

Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide composed of a linear chain of repeating glucose units. It serves as a major structural element in the cell walls of plants and various other organisms.

Cellulose

Starch is a branched polysaccharide made of repeating glucose monomers. It is the primary molecule used by plants to store energy.

Starch

Glycogen is a highly branched polysaccharide composed of repeating glucose monomers. It serves as the primary energy-storage macromolecule in animal cells and bacteria.

Glycogen

Chitin is a structural polysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) polymers. It constitutes a primary component of fungal cell walls and the exoskeletons of insects.

Chitin

Polysaccharides, which are also referred to as glycans, are large carbohydrate polymers consisting of hundreds of joined monosaccharide monomers. These macromolecules are linked together by glycosidic bonds, are generally not soluble in water, and do not taste sweet, distinguishing them from smaller monosaccharides and disaccharides.

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Carbohydrates can be categorized into four pertinent groups:
- monosaccharides
- disaccharides
- oligosaccharides
- polysaccharides

Diversity of Carbohydrates

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Macromolecules

A disaccharide is where 2 monosaccharide molecules chemically bond through a covalent connection which is also known as a glycosidic bond.

 Disaccharides

This is a type of carbohydrate  chain that consists of 3-10 monosaccharides. 

Oligosaccharides

Monosaccharides, or simple sugars, are the simplest carbohydrates and serve as the building blocks for complex carbohydrates. They are classified by the number of carbon atoms in the molecule using a prefix for the carbon count and the suffix -ose, such as three-carbon trioses (e.g., glyceraldehyde), five-carbon pentoses (e.g., ribose), and six-carbon hexoses (e.g., glucose).

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