Concept

The Reconciliation of Divine Will and Human Effort in Rumi's 'Ma Sha' Allah Kan'

In Section 134 of Book Five of the Masnavi, Rumi addresses the theological misunderstanding of the Arabic phrase Ma sha' Allah kan ('Whatever God wills, happens'). While determinists historically used this phrase to justify spiritual lethargy (tanbali) and moral passivity, Rumi reinterprets the absolute nature of the Divine Will as an active incentive (tahrid) for sincere devotion, intense effort (jadd), and spiritual preparation. He argues that since God's absolute sovereignty is eternal and transcends human temporal concepts of past and future, acknowledging His supreme will should compel the seeker to submit through absolute obedience and earnest striving, rather than using destiny as a shield to excuse inaction.

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Updated 2026-06-13

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Persian Literature Prerequisite Course